The 4 Basics to Relocate to Portugal

9 May 2024
Cleuzina Cruz
Diogo Pedro lawyer

Cleuzina Cruz | Paralegal

When embarking on the journey of relocating to a new country, one must diligently attend to certain obligations. These obligations are imperative for both maintaining legal status within the country and accessing the various services provided by the host country.


At LVP Advogados, our specialised paralegal team is dedicated to providing top relocation services, guaranteeing a seamless transition for foreigners looking to settle in Portugal.


To establish a life with full entitlement to rights in Portugal, the following four pillars are essential.

1st Basic: The NIF Number

If you are considering moving to Portugal, obtaining a Tax ID Number (known as Número de Identificação Fiscal or NIF) should be your first priority. This number is crucial for personal identification purposes such as acquiring goods or services, making contracts, opening bank accounts, signing contracts, and buying properties or vehicles. 


It is worth noting that non-European Union residents looking to purchase a property or vehicle in Portugal are required to appoint a Tax Representative.


Furthermore, it is important to emphasise that acquiring a NIF (Número de Identificação Fiscal) number qualifies individuals to achieve fiscal residency status in Portugal. 

2nd Basic: The NISS Number

If you plan to work in Portugal for a Portuguese-based company or as a freelancer or self-employed in Portugal, you will need a Social Security number. 


Additionally, whether you are employed by a Portuguese company or work in Portugal as a self-employed individual or freelancer for a company based outside Portugal, you are required to pay social security contributions.


Besides its function on employment-related affairs, it is imperative to highlight that the possession of the NISS (Número de Identificação da Segurança Social) number is indispensable for obtaining a European Health Insurance Card (EHIC). Without the NISS number, the acquisition of the EHIC is unattainable.

3rd Basic: The SNS Number a.k.a Health Number

This is an identification number that enables your recognition across Public Health institutions and services. 


The SNS number is accessible to individuals possessing a Resident Permit or Registration Certificate from the European Union, enabling them to enrol in the National Health System. 


Portugal's Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS) stands out for its commitment to universal access, providing extensive healthcare services to all residents. Embracing a multidisciplinary strategy, the SNS consistently allocates resources towards the development of new facilities and the adoption of advanced medical technologies, thereby elevating the standard of the care provided.


It should be emphasised that individuals are only assigned the number once they have established residency in Portugal.

4th Basic: Driver's licence 

The Portuguese driver's licence will allow you to drive in all countries of the European Union.


Drivers from EU countries are allowed to drive in Portugal with their country’s licence until the expiration date, however, it is essential to register it if you are residing in Portugal. 


Drivers from Countries outside of the EU, and with a bilateral agreement with Portugal, can drive in Portugal with a foreign driving licence for 185 days after entering the country and before taking up residence (driving as a tourist).



Drivers from countries without bilateral agreement with Portugal can request the exchange of their driver's licence for a Portuguese one but will have to take a theoretical and a practical exam.


The fundamental requirement for obtaining a Portuguese driving license is to establish tax residency in Portugal.


Once these four pillars are successfully established, daily life in Portugal becomes significantly smoother. Our paralegal team stands ready to assist you in achieving any of these essential steps to have an amazing experience in Portugal.


Should you have further inquiries regarding this matter, get in touch with Cleuzina Cruz, who will be delighted to assist you.

11 July 2025
The Portuguese Parliament has decided to postpone the vote on the proposed amendments to the Nationality Law until September 2025. The decision was taken in a meeting of the Committee on Constitutional Affairs, Rights, Freedoms and Guarantees, following pressure from several political parties who requested more time to assess the implications of the proposed reform. The delay allows for additional hearings with legal experts, immigrant associations and civil society representatives before a final vote is held in plenary session. The proposed reform introduces significant changes to the current legal framework for acquiring Portuguese nationality. Among the most impactful measures is the extension of the minimum legal residence period required before applying for naturalisation. Under the new proposal, this period would increase from the current five years to seven years for nationals of CPLP countries (Community of Portuguese Language Countries), and to ten years for applicants from all other countries. Another major change concerns the introduction of mechanisms to revoke Portuguese nationality . According to the proposal, naturalised citizens who are convicted of serious crimes — defined as those resulting in prison sentences of five years or more , within ten years of acquiring nationality — could see their Portuguese citizenship revoked by a court decision, based on a proposal from the Public Prosecutor’s Office. In addition, the reform would tighten the requirements for acquiring original Portuguese nationality through birth in Portugal. For children born in Portuguese territory to foreign parents, it would become mandatory that at least one parent has been residing legally in Portugal for a minimum of three years , instead of the current two years. Although the government initially intended to approve these changes before the summer recess, political consensus has not yet been reached. Left-wing parties have raised concerns regarding the constitutionality of retroactive revocation of nationality and the potential impact on the rights of long-term residents and immigrant communities in Portugal. In response, the parliamentary committee agreed to postpone the process and schedule a new round of expert hearings in early September. A final vote on the reform is now expected to take place later that month. Until then, the current version of the Nationality Law remains in force , including the five-year legal residence requirement for naturalisation. Applicants who meet this requirement and wish to apply under the current rules may still do so in the coming weeks.
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